Learning XHTML


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XHTML 101

Lesson 1
Basic Tags
Global Structure
HTML vs XHTML

Lesson 2
Using <p>, </p> and <br />
XHTML Headers
Strong and Emphasis

Lesson 3
Using <blockquote> </blockquote>

Lesson 4
Changing the Font with CSS

 

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John Wilfong


XHTML 101
Lesson 4 - Part 1
Changing the Font with CSS

One of the primary features of XHTML is that design elements such as fonts, colors, and layout, are no longer handled by the XHTML tags. Instead, they are handled with Cascading Style Sheets. Rather than go into CSS in depth here, we'll just be covering some basics to change fonts and colors. If you would like to learn more, you should sign up for the free 5-day CSS class.

Putting your text in paragraphs is fine, but you're left with text that is pretty boring. Using CSS and in-line styles, you can change your text so that it looks more like you want it to look.

The first thing we'll learn about is the font-family property. The font family is often exactly what people think of when they think of the word "font". This is the actual typeface used on the screen.

You can declare any font that you would like, but remember, if your reader doesn't have that font installed their browser will try to find a match for it, and their page will not look as you intended.

To change the family of text, type:
<span style="font-family : arial;">text converted to arial</span>

But sometimes the person viewing your page won't have your font on their system. To fix this you can specify a list of family names, separated by commas, for the browser to use in order of preference. Keep in mind that a standard font on a PC (such as Arial) might not be standard on a Macintosh. So you should always view your pages with a minimally installed machine (and preferably on both platforms) to make sure that your page looks as designed even with minimal fonts.

One of my favorite font sets is font-family : arial, geneva, helvetica, helv;

This set is a sans-serif font collection and while geneva and arial do not look terribly similar, they are both fairly standard on Macintosh and Windows computers. I include helvetica and helv for customers on other operating systems such as Unix or Linux that might not have a robust font library.

This face is times then arial. If you have times, your browser should choose to display it in times.

<span style="font-family : times,arial;">

This face is arial then times. If you don't have arial, your browser will display it in the same font as above. But this format is written using non-valid XHTML.

<font face="arial,times">

This face is verdana, one of About's common fonts. If your browser doesn't have that, it will display it in times (my second choice) which is a serif font and very different from verdana.

<span style="font-family : verdana,times;">

More about font-family